Tablet PC hangs on bzImage

JJ Fullmer

@Zerpie You can also try booting from the ipxe shell, which if isn’t built in to the tablet as a boot option (sometimes it is sometimes it isn’t) then you can make a rEFInd usb disk and add all the ipxe efi boot options. Then you can create a startup.nsh script that will switch to the fs#: of the usb drive and then boot to whichever 32 bit ipxe file ends up working. It would be tricky and still involve usb drives but you could in theory make it work.

Another possibility would be to customize fog’s built in refind for those tablets if that happens to be booted to successfully (i.e. if boot to hard drive from the fog menu is working). You could change the default boot settings, I believe you can add some conditions to it, I know you can do it to have different times of the day have different default boot options. So one possibility would be to add the refind efi shell to the fog refind.conf boot options and make it the default during some time slot you are going to image and just also find a way to link a startup.nsh script. I haven’t actually tested this idea, it’s just another possibility if you want network boot to work. But all of that is nill if none of the ipxe efi boot files get you through bzimage32 boot.

george1421

There is a couple of points here.

I’ve seen issues with some 32 bit tablets (the models escape me at the moment), in that they have a 64 bit processor, but the processor has been hardware locked in 32 bit mode. iPXE will detect its a 64 bit process (because it really is) and send the wrong iPXE kernel to the target computer. I have not check, but you might be able to bypass this auto detection by specifically calling out bzImage32 in the host configuration properties.
FOG doesn’t currently include refind 32 bit at part of the package. Only refind 64 bit is included. This will cause a problem when exiting from the iPXE menu in that the wrong refind kernel will try to boot and fail.

I can’t say that either of these are the specific case here, but I have seen issues before with 32 bit tablets.

Zerpie

@Quazz said in Tablet PC hangs on bzImage:

@Zerpie Did you ever end up trying the has_usb_nic=1 kernel argument?

I did. Still no luck.

Sebastian Roth

@george1421 @JJ-Fullmer We have been through a lot of debugging with this and after we have hunted down the kernel it turned out to be a stupid network driver issue. iPXE does not seem to use a native driver for the ASIX AX88179 USB 3.0 adapter but the more general SNP. For whatever reason this ASIX chip does not play by the rules and network connection stalls after it started to transfer the first bytes of the kernel binary (seen in wireshark dumps!). Just to give you a quick heads up on what we’ve been into so far.

@Zerpie Would it be an option to use a different USB network adapter? I know you’ve tried three different ones. But maybe there are more out there. Other than that it would be a case of getting into the source code and trying to debug either when this NIC doesn’t want to play propery SNP or try to get the AXGE driver to work… For me it’s very hard to tell which way could be the more promising. Not having your hardware here I can’t even do any testing myself.

EDIT: I just re-read that post in the iPXE forums where I got the information about how to build a binary with native AXGE driver included and saw this:

When building the ipxe target, drivers for usb devices is not included (due to it disabling all other connected USB devices)

Sorry for obviously having overlooked this important information. So I guess it does not hang at all but just sits there waiting for input and is not getting any as USB devices are shut off. So instead of the simple shell.txt create a new text file dhcp.txt with the following content:

#!ipxe
ifopen net0
dhcp net0
chain tftp://${next-server}/default.ipxe

Then compile and copy the new binary:

make bin-i386-efi/ncm--ecm--axge.efi EMBED=dhcp.txt
cp path_to_ipxe_code/src/bin-i386-efi/ncm–ecm–axge.efi /tftpboot/i386-efi/ipxe.efi

Zerpie

@Sebastian-Roth Ok I gave that a try and now it’s back what I was getting before.

BzImage_debug... ok
Could not select: Exec format error (http://ipxe.org/2e008081)
Could not boot: Exec format error (http://ipxe.org/2e008081)
Could not boot: Exec format error (http://ipxe.org/2e008081)

And then it just continues to boot into the OS.

Zerpie

I probably should have posted this a while back. I’m not sure if it’ll help, but it’ll at least be good to know what we’re working with. The device is a Touch Dynamics Quest 7 Tablet mobile POS (point of sale).

https://www.touchdynamic.com/products/mobile-pos-tablets/quest-tablet-and-premium-dock/

There’s not a whole lot out there about it that I could find.

Sebastian Roth

@Zerpie Are you sure we have had the Exec format error before? As far as I remember we only got to the point where it would hang on bzImage. Now the exec Format error could actually be what George said, a CPU being pinned to 32 bit mode. In the host’s settings change Kernel setting to bzImage32 and see if that makes a difference…

Zerpie

@Sebastian-Roth Yup. I got these errors at some point before and posted about it earlier in the thread.

Ok I could have sworn I tried it with bzimage32 set for Host Kernel earlier today, but I just tried it now and I got a little further. It gave me a whole page of text and it looked like it was going to work but then it stopped and I see these lines at the bottom.

Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel.  See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.
Kernel Offset: disabled
---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel.  See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.

Zerpie

Ok I still had debug earlyprintk=efi loglevel=7 set in the Host Kernel Arguments so I cleared that out and tried again. I didn’t get the wall of text this time, just the Kernel panic. Here’s everything I see.

Starting init: /sbin/init exists but couldn't execute it (error -8)
Starting init: /bin/sh exists but couldn't execute it (error -8)
Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel.  See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.
Kernel Offset: disabled
---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel.  See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.

Sebastian Roth

@Zerpie Ohh wow, I think we are very much ahead of the initial issue!!! Sorry if you posted about this already and I didn’t notice it!

Starting init: /sbin/init exists but couldn’t execute it (error -8)

AFAIK this means again the same thing, the CPU is pinned to 32 bit but this time the FOS init is 64 bit and fails to execute on this CPU. Would you be able to manipulate those binaries just for the moment of testing?

The kernel can be set using the host kernel setting but the init can’t. So I ask you to copy the init binary on the FOG server:

sudo -i
cd /var/www/fog/service/ipxe
mv init.xz init.xz.orig
cp init_32.xz init.xz

Still leave bzImage32 set in the hosts kernel setting and try again.

Zerpie

@Sebastian-Roth Alright, that got me a bit further. It looked like it was actually going to start capturing, but I got “An error has been detected!”

* Could not mount /dev/mmcblk2p3 (/bin/fog.upload->beginUpload)
Args Passed:
Reason: The disk contains an unclean file system (0, 0).
Metadata kept in Windows cache refused to mount.
Failed to mount '/dev/mmcblk2p3' : Operation not permitted
The NTFS partition is in an unsafe state. Please resume and shutdown Windows fully (no hibernation or fast restarting), or mount the volume read-only with the 'ro' mount option.

I allowed the tablet to boot into Windows and did a full shutdown using the command Shutdown -f -s -t 0. Then I booted it back up and now when it tries to boot over ipv4 it immediately skips over it and tries ipv6 before booting back into Windows.

george1421

@Sebastian-Roth I think I would (instead of messing with the init names) I would just update the Host Init field in the host definition to init_32.xz with the Host Kernel set to bzImage32. That way other hosts will still boot correctly. Technically the 64 bit systems will boot with the 32 bit kernels (as with the older versions of FOG). But the next FOG update will undo you switch around.

The unclean file system message is because windows was not shutdown properly before you attempted to capture it. Use either sysprep to power off the device or run the command shutdown -s -t 0 command to properly power off the device. The simple Startbutton->Shutdown will not properly power off the device.

Zerpie

@george1421 It looks like that did it! It’s currently capturing the image. I’ll keep an eye on it to make sure it completes without any errors. Then I’ll try and deploy the image back to the tablet to make sure that works as well.

Zerpie

Capture and deploy completed successfully! Looks like the problem is solved. Thanks for all your help, guys!

Sebastian Roth

Wow, we finally made it. So to make a long story short, it was simply compiling a special iPXE binary that has a native AXIS driver included. Keep in mind that other USB devices are being disabled through this.

As well note George’s advice on the inits.

I am Wanderung if we should add this special AXIS iPXE binary to our repo and installer?

Zerpie

@Zerpie Ok I don’t know what happened in the last couple weeks, but it’s not working anymore. I’m back to getting the following errors when trying to capture an image from these tablets.

bzImage32... ok
Could not select: Exec format error (http://ipxe.org/2e008081)
Could not boot: Exec format error (http://ipxe.org/2e008081)
Could not boot: Exec format error (http://ipxe.org/2e008081)

I haven’t made any changes to Fog since I got this working originally. I told my team that it was working and they could move forward with using Fog to image these tablets. Once they got around to it they brought it to my attention that it wasn’t working.

I also don’t know if I need to start a new thread since I already marked this one as solved.

Sebastian Roth

@Zerpie Remember this tablet seems to disguise it’s architecture being 32 or 64 bit. In the process of trying to make this work we renamed kernels and inits and also set those parameters in the host’s settings.

Probably best if you reset kernels an inits to the latest and then check the host’s settings again.

sudo -i
cd /var/www/fog/service/ipxe
mkdir backup
mv bzImage* backup/
wget https://fogproject.org/kernels/bzImage
wget https://fogproject.org/kernels/bzImage32
mv init* backup/
wget https://fogproject.org/inits/init.xz
wget https://fogproject.org/inits/init_32.xz

Not go to the tablet’s host’s settings in the web UI and make sure you have Host Kernel set to bzImage32 and Host Init set to init_32.xz.

Zerpie

@Sebastian-Roth The first thing I checked was that I had Host Kernel set to bzImage32 and Host Init set to init_32.xz since that was the last thing we were missing when we got it working last.

I followed your instructions of moving the original files and getting the latest ones, but I’m still getting the same Exec format error.

Sebastian Roth

@Zerpie Are you surely using the exact same physical tablet device this time? Maybe it’s just another one, same model but different firmware version or BIOS settings?

What happens if you set back to bzImage/init.xz in the host’s settings? Same exec error?

To me it sounds as if secure boot is enabled on the tablet.

Zerpie

@Sebastian-Roth It’s the same model, but not the exact same tablet I got working before.

I tried changing the host settings back to bzimage and init.xz and I got the same error.

These tablets do not have the option to enable/disable secure boot in BIOS setup.

I’ll see if we still have the original tablet that we got working to see if it’s also getting the errors.

EDIT: Nope. It’s impossible to find the original tablet. It was added back to the stock of all the others and I didn’t get the serial# from it.

Tablet PC hangs on bzImage

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