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Dual Images windows 10 and Ubuntu 16 with UEFI

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  • G
    george1421 Moderator @Quazz
    last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 12:58 PM

    @quazz Great point!. I have another thread where I’m collecting drive geometry to help the devs understand what typical drive configurations look like. I ran into an issue where I wasn’t able to mount partitions of 2 of my home computers that are win10 EFI systems. I thought something changed in the Fall 2017 creators update to where FOS couldn’t mount the disk. Long story short is was the fast boot that was leaving the partitions marked as mounted and now allowing FOS to remount the partitions.

    After I was clued in by Sebastian I turned off fast boot and was able to mount and map the partitions. Very annoying that feature is. Thank you, M$.

    Please help us build the FOG community with everyone involved. It's not just about coding - way more we need people to test things, update documentation and most importantly work on uniting the community of people enjoying and working on FOG!

    1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 1
    • F
      Fernando Gietz Developer
      last edited by Fernando Gietz Nov 14, 2017, 8:11 AM Nov 14, 2017, 1:15 PM

      @Sebastian-Roth I am reading the info about UEFI. Very interesting!!! Now I know more about what is UEFI and how does it work.

      I post the info of the different commands in my test computer:

      gdisk -l /dev/sda
      GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1
      
      Partition table scan:
        MBR: protective
        BSD: not present
        APM: not present
        GPT: present
      
      Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
      Disk /dev/sda: 500118192 sectors, 238.5 GiB
      Logical sector size: 512 bytes
      Disk identifier (GUID): 611A1A7F-D5E7-4EB5-87EF-D447B71A8595
      Partition table holds up to 128 entries
      First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 500118158
      Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
      Total free space is 33851501 sectors (16.1 GiB)
      
      Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
         1          923648         1128447   100.0 MiB   EF00  EFI system partition
         2         1128448         1161215   16.0 MiB    0C01  Microsoft reserved ...
         3         1161216       295318015   140.3 GiB   0700  Basic data partition
         4       295319552       451567615   74.5 GiB    8300  
         5       451567616       467191807   7.5 GiB     8200  
      root@U032668:~# lsblk
      NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
      sda      8:0    0 238,5G  0 disk 
      ├─sda1   8:1    0   100M  0 part /boot/efi
      ├─sda2   8:2    0    16M  0 part 
      ├─sda3   8:3    0 140,3G  0 part 
      ├─sda4   8:4    0  74,5G  0 part /
      └─sda5   8:5    0   7,5G  0 part [SWAP]
      sr0     11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
      root@U032668:~# blkid
      /dev/sda1: UUID="A47A-9C4F" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="90659379-55aa-43cc-a916-7909278e69d2"
      /dev/sda2: PARTLABEL="Microsoft reserved partition" PARTUUID="ff774eb9-c85f-4dae-aac5-9a8efd46e7b4"
      /dev/sda3: UUID="385A3AFA5A3AB48A" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="54366076-6bce-46ae-9046-8528edf1876f"
      /dev/sda4: UUID="5fdf13da-9c89-476b-b994-3e05c3c36e2a" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="a30c61be-de90-45e9-a52b-c78c64ea4b19"
      /dev/sda5: UUID="b29da30a-4262-49c2-a7f3-7b3ee9e8a4ea" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="0953ce8f-1d8d-464a-95af-ad4d724fbbae"
      

      The commands that appears in the blog:

      root@U032668:~# efibootmgr -v
      BootCurrent: 0014
      Timeout: 0 seconds
      BootOrder: 0014,0017,000C,000A,000F,0013,0010,000D,000E,0012,000B,0000,0001,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,0011,0015
      Boot0000  Startup Menu	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)....ISPH
      Boot0001  System Information	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0002  Bios Setup	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0003  3rd Party Option ROM Management	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0004  System Diagnostics	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0005  System Diagnostics	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0006  System Diagnostics	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0007  System Diagnostics	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0008  Boot Menu	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0009  HP Recovery	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot000A  USB:  	PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x14,0x0)N.....YM....R,Y.....ISPH
      Boot000B  MTFDDAK256TBN-1AR1ZABHA 	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot000C* IPV4 Network - Intel(R) Ethernet Connection (H) I219-LM	PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1f,0x6)/MAC(c8d3ffbd6a14,0)/IPv4(0.0.0.0:0<->0.0.0.0:0,0,0)N.....YM....R,Y.....ISPH
      Boot000D* MTFDDAK256TBN-1AR1ZABHA : 	BBS(HD,MTFDDAK256TBN-1AR1ZABHA : ,0x400)/PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x17,0x0)/Sata(0,0,0)......ISPH
      Boot000E  USB:  	BBS(65535,,0x0)/PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x14,0x0)......ISPH
      Boot000F* hp HLDS DVDRW GUD1N 	PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x17,0x0)/Sata(1,0,0)N.....YM....R,Y..0..ISPH
      Boot0010* Intel Corporation: IBA CL Slot 00FE v0106	BBS(Network,Intel Corporation: IBA CL Slot 00FE v0106,0x0)/PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1f,0x6)......ISPH
      Boot0011  Network Boot	FvVol(a881d567-6cb0-4eee-8435-2e72d33e45b5)/FvFile(9d8243e8-8381-453d-aceb-c350ee7757ca)......ISPH
      Boot0012* hp HLDS DVDRW GUD1N : 	BBS(CDROM,hp HLDS DVDRW GUD1N : ,0x400)/PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x17,0x0)/Sata(1,0,0)...0..ISPH
      
      root@U032668:~# parted /dev/sda
      GNU Parted 3.2
      Usando /dev/sda
      ¡Bienvenido/a a GNU Parted! Teclee «help» para ver la lista de órdenes.                                                                  
      (parted) p                                                                
      Modelo: ATA MTFDDAK256TBN-1A (scsi)
      Disco /dev/sda: 256GB
      Tamaño de sector (lógico/físico): 512B/4096B
      Tabla de particiones: gpt
      Disk Flags: 
      
      Numero  Inicio  Fin    Tamaño  Sistema de archivos  Nombre                        Banderas
       1      473MB   578MB  105MB   fat32                EFI system partition          arranque, esp
       2      578MB   595MB  16,8MB                       Microsoft reserved partition  msftres
       3      595MB   151GB  151GB   ntfs                 Basic data partition          msftdata
       4      151GB   231GB  80,0GB  ext4
       5      231GB   239GB  8000MB  linux-swap(v1)```
      1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
      • F
        Fernando Gietz Developer
        last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 2:55 PM

        I have deployed twice the computer with the dual image and now the grub appears at the first time O_o

        G 1 Reply Last reply Nov 14, 2017, 3:12 PM Reply Quote 0
        • G
          george1421 Moderator @Fernando Gietz
          last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 3:12 PM

          @fernando-gietz OK what did you change? Magic only happens on Television.

          Please help us build the FOG community with everyone involved. It's not just about coding - way more we need people to test things, update documentation and most importantly work on uniting the community of people enjoying and working on FOG!

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          • F
            Fernando Gietz Developer
            last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 3:14 PM

            No, any change. The only change was the bcdedit command (following the tutorial that you attached)

            G 1 Reply Last reply Nov 14, 2017, 3:42 PM Reply Quote 0
            • G
              george1421 Moderator @Fernando Gietz
              last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 3:42 PM

              @fernando-gietz Just for clarity and those who will be doing the same as you: Did you run that command before you recaptured the reference image, or did you add that bcdedit command to the setupcomplete.cmd file?

              Please help us build the FOG community with everyone involved. It's not just about coding - way more we need people to test things, update documentation and most importantly work on uniting the community of people enjoying and working on FOG!

              F 1 Reply Last reply Nov 14, 2017, 3:47 PM Reply Quote 0
              • F
                Fernando Gietz Developer @george1421
                last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 3:47 PM

                @george1421 I have recaptured the image.

                • Install W10
                • Install Ubuntu 16
                • Boot under W10 and run the bcdedit command
                • Capture the image
                G 1 Reply Last reply Nov 14, 2017, 3:52 PM Reply Quote 1
                • G
                  george1421 Moderator @Fernando Gietz
                  last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 3:52 PM

                  @fernando-gietz Very, very, nice.

                  You can fix it on the front end and then not worry post imaging. That info will help everyone who need to create a dual boot system. Thank you.

                  Please help us build the FOG community with everyone involved. It's not just about coding - way more we need people to test things, update documentation and most importantly work on uniting the community of people enjoying and working on FOG!

                  1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                  • S
                    Sebastian Roth Moderator
                    last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 5:51 PM

                    @george1421 Although I haven’t tested yet I am fairly sure that the “fix” won’t work.

                    @Fernando-Gietz Please deploy that image to a completely different machine, one you have never deployed this image to before. I am fairly sure it won’t have the Ubuntu boot menu entry.

                    Web GUI issue? Please check apache error (debian/ubuntu: /var/log/apache2/error.log, centos/fedora/rhel: /var/log/httpd/error_log) and php-fpm log (/var/log/php*-fpm.log)

                    Please support FOG if you like it: https://wiki.fogproject.org/wiki/index.php/Support_FOG

                    G F 2 Replies Last reply Nov 14, 2017, 5:55 PM Reply Quote 0
                    • G
                      george1421 Moderator @Sebastian Roth
                      last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 5:55 PM

                      @sebastian-roth said in Dual Images windows 10 and Ubuntu 16 with UEFI:

                      Although I haven’t tested yet I am fairly sure that the “fix” won’t work.

                      Hmmm… I’m thinking that it will work since the change was made “inside windows” and not by external evil “linux” forces. But who really knows…

                      I might also see the change possibly being reverted if he was deploying Windows 10 CBB, on the next refresh.

                      I think only time will tell of this “hack” is forever or until the next reboot.

                      Please help us build the FOG community with everyone involved. It's not just about coding - way more we need people to test things, update documentation and most importantly work on uniting the community of people enjoying and working on FOG!

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                      • S
                        Sebastian Roth Moderator
                        last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 10:51 PM

                        @george1421 said in Dual Images windows 10 and Ubuntu 16 with UEFI:

                        I think only time will tell of this “hack” is forever or until the next reboot.

                        From my point of view the “hack” should be persistent (at least till the next major Windows update but maybe even beyond that) on that very same machine because bcdedit adds the entry to the NVRAM. But this is not what we transfer to other machines when we capture and deploy and image from/to disk…

                        Web GUI issue? Please check apache error (debian/ubuntu: /var/log/apache2/error.log, centos/fedora/rhel: /var/log/httpd/error_log) and php-fpm log (/var/log/php*-fpm.log)

                        Please support FOG if you like it: https://wiki.fogproject.org/wiki/index.php/Support_FOG

                        G 1 Reply Last reply Nov 14, 2017, 11:48 PM Reply Quote 1
                        • G
                          george1421 Moderator @Sebastian Roth
                          last edited by Nov 14, 2017, 11:48 PM

                          @sebastian-roth said in Dual Images windows 10 and Ubuntu 16 with UEFI:

                          because bcdedit adds the entry to the NVRAM

                          Ah, now I see the picture, and its clear.

                          So the only solid solution is running that command in the windows environment. I was under the impression that the command altered something in the media that would be captured by FOG. So possibly a better solution would be to execute that bcdedit command via a FOG snapin.

                          Please help us build the FOG community with everyone involved. It's not just about coding - way more we need people to test things, update documentation and most importantly work on uniting the community of people enjoying and working on FOG!

                          1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                          • S
                            Sebastian Roth Moderator
                            last edited by Nov 15, 2017, 12:09 AM

                            @george1421 said in Dual Images windows 10 and Ubuntu 16 with UEFI:

                            So the only solid solution is running that command in the windows environment.

                            No I think you should be able to use the efibootmgr command to do essentially the same thing from a running Linux system like FOS for example.

                            Web GUI issue? Please check apache error (debian/ubuntu: /var/log/apache2/error.log, centos/fedora/rhel: /var/log/httpd/error_log) and php-fpm log (/var/log/php*-fpm.log)

                            Please support FOG if you like it: https://wiki.fogproject.org/wiki/index.php/Support_FOG

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                            • F
                              Fernando Gietz Developer @Sebastian Roth
                              last edited by Fernando Gietz Nov 15, 2017, 6:02 AM Nov 15, 2017, 11:57 AM

                              @sebastian-roth I have deployed the dual image to a different machine and … surprise! You are right, the machine boot directly under W10, in the next appears the grub and the posibility to boot under Ubuntu.

                              I have found a link about NVRAM, I suppose that will be a lot of them but was the first entry in google 🙂 :

                              Understanding UEFI variables: http://en.community.dell.com/techcenter/os-applications/f/4457/t/19589262

                              1- What all information is stored in UEFI VARIABLES?
                              
                              All configuration setup, vendor information, language information, input/output console, error console, and boot order setting all these information are stored in these variables
                              
                               
                              
                              2- How to get NVRAM variables
                              
                              You can use UEFI bootable USB to boot the server. You need to have supported files which can give you UEFI shell once server boot from USB. Once you got the UEFI shell you can run UEFI command "dmpstore" to see the variable available in NVRAM. For more options or help just type “? dmpstore”.  If you have Linux installed before in same server in UEFI mode. You can access the EFI partition. Give this command in UEFI shell "FS0:" Now your “/boot/efi “partition is mounted. You can see the content of this volume using ls/dir command. "dmpstore -all > myvariables"  will collect all NVRAM variable to EFI partition. When you reboot your Linux box you will see this file in your /boot/efi location.
                              
                               
                              
                              3- Analysis of variables
                              
                              You will see lot of entries in the dump file. Variable name, access, data and many more. We will use this example:
                              
                              Variable NV+RT+BS 'Efi:ConOut' DataSize = 36
                              
                              This tells that Variable name is Console output which data size is 0X36 in HEX
                              
                              . This variable is available at runtime (RT) and boot time (BS).
                              
                              Runtime variable which are available after OS booted and boot time which are available before
                              
                              OS boot.
                              
                              4- Mapping of UEFI variables from BIOS to Linux OS.
                              
                              You can see all these variables are mapped from Linux OS.UEFI variables are mapped through sys entry. Just see to this location /sys/firmware/efi/efivars . It will have all variables which was available in dump file.
                              
                              All these variables depend on efivarfs kernel modules. If this module is not available you cannot access the variables. It is mounted as  efivarfs file system on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars.
                              
                               
                              
                               
                              
                              Parmeshwr_Prasad
                              
                              Linux Engineer
                              
                              Dell Inc (Bangalore)```
                              1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 1
                              • F
                                Fernando Gietz Developer
                                last edited by Nov 21, 2017, 5:03 PM

                                I have made a test.

                                I have download a dual image, in the first boot W10 like we expect, in the second boot appears the grub menu. The UEFI variables are updated by W10.

                                If you download an image with only Linux, then the computer doesn’t detect any OS and dones’t boor. You need repair the boot or update the UEFI variables to rebirth the computer.

                                1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                • S
                                  Sebastian Roth Moderator
                                  last edited by Nov 21, 2017, 9:27 PM

                                  @fernando-gietz said in Dual Images windows 10 and Ubuntu 16 with UEFI:

                                  You need repair the boot

                                  It’s not actually a repair! It’s just something a new computer doesn’t know about yet and FOG is not able to capture and deploy this piece of information yet.

                                  Web GUI issue? Please check apache error (debian/ubuntu: /var/log/apache2/error.log, centos/fedora/rhel: /var/log/httpd/error_log) and php-fpm log (/var/log/php*-fpm.log)

                                  Please support FOG if you like it: https://wiki.fogproject.org/wiki/index.php/Support_FOG

                                  1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                  • R
                                    renanserrou
                                    last edited by Nov 5, 2021, 4:37 PM

                                    Hello, I came to this topic because I was having this same issue with some new Dell computers that arrived here where I work, in my case I didn’t needed to repair the grub, but I could solve this by changing some bios configuration where there’s a option to add uefi boot option and there appears the .efi file of the grub and mark it to boot first. Hope it helps!

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