@tlehrian Ok so you get a BSOD with windows and under linux you get a kernel panic (same but different). So that points to a hardware issue with this computer.
I would swap memory with a known good computer, even if the mem test comes back OK. By moving parts hopefully the problem will move with the hardware.
Move other pcie attached devices like GPUs (if external) or other add in riser cards.
Now that you updated the bios, go in and reset the firmware settings back to factory defaults. In case there was a firmware setting change with the new firmware that corrects a known issue.
Sorry I can only give random ideas, but since this seems to be a hardware issues I can only make logical guesses here.